Blood cancer is one type of cancer that attacks the body’s blood-forming system, including the bone marrow and lymphatic system. This disease causes abnormal blood cells to grow uncontrollably and replace healthy blood cells that function to carry oxygen, fight infections, and help with blood clotting. In other words, this condition can disrupt the overall balance and function of the body.
Causes and Risk Factors
Blood cancer occurs when cells in the bone marrow experience genetic changes that trigger uncontrolled and excessive growth. Over time, the number of abnormal blood cells increases and disrupts the body’s normal functions. Although the exact cause is not yet fully understood, experts believe that environmental and genetic factors play a major role.
Some factors that may increase a person’s risk of developing blood cancer include exposure to high radiation, certain chemicals, a family history of similar diseases, and a weakened immune system. Therefore, maintaining a healthy lifestyle and avoiding harmful substances are important preventive steps.
To confirm a diagnosis, doctors usually perform several tests, such as a complete blood test to check the number and condition of blood cells. In addition, a bone marrow biopsy is often conducted to examine the presence of abnormal cells in more detail.
Diagnosis
Next, doctors may recommend further examinations such as a CT scan or MRI to detect whether the cancer cells have spread to other organs. All of these procedures help determine the type and stage of blood cancer so that treatment can be tailored to each patient’s condition.
How to Treat Blood Cancer
The way to treat blood cancer varies for each person, depending on the type of cancer and how far the disease has progressed. Therefore, doctors usually adjust treatment methods according to each patient’s condition. Some common treatment methods include:
- Chemotherapy, which uses medications to kill cancer cells or stop their growth.
- Targeted therapy, which focuses on attacking cancer cells without damaging too many healthy cells around them.
- Immunotherapy, which utilizes the patient’s immune system to fight cancer cells.
- Bone marrow transplantation, which replaces damaged bone marrow cells with healthy ones.
In addition, supportive treatments such as blood transfusions or antibiotics may also help maintain the patient’s condition during therapy.
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Conclusion
Blood cancer is a serious disease that requires early attention and treatment. Therefore, by recognizing the symptoms early and maintaining a healthy lifestyle, the risk of complications can be minimized. Regular consultations with medical professionals are also a wise step to detect blood abnormalities as early as possible.
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